tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26843085713239370952024-03-13T23:57:26.245-07:00International Taekwondo Research ConsortiumThe International Taekwondo Research Consortium is a group developed to promote scientific development and collaboration of academic disciplines in taekwondo. ITRC members comprise psychologists, sociologists, historians, physiologists, medical physicians, physiotherapists, performance specialists, epidemiologists and other academic professionals involved in the most current scientific study of taekwondo.ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.comBlogger28125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-68143931184396449692014-08-29T07:11:00.001-07:002014-08-29T07:11:16.853-07:00<h1 id="article-title-1" itemprop="headline" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 2.1em; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/652.3.abstract">DIMINISHED IMPACT ATTENUATION PROPERTIES OF TAEKWONDO AND BOXING HEADGEAR</a></h1>
<div class="contributors" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<li class="contributor" id="contrib-1" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=W+Pieter&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">W Pieter</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/652.3.abstract#aff-1" id="xref-aff-1-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">1</a>, </li>
<li class="contributor" id="contrib-2" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=D+O%27Sullivan&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">D O'Sullivan</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/652.3.abstract#aff-2" id="xref-aff-2-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">2</a>, </li>
<li class="last" id="contrib-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=G+Fife&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">G Fife</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/652.3.abstract#aff-2" id="xref-aff-2-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">2</a></li>
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<li class="last" id="contrib-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: arial, sans serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;"><h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; line-height: normal; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Abstract</h2>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Background</span> Only one study reported the impact attenuation of taekwondo headgear. Although Olympic boxing has discontinued the use of head protectors, similarities in designs are suggested to provide a framework for improving taekwondo helmets as a previous report determined poor testing results.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Objective</span> To assess attenuation of taekwondo and boxing headgear.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Design</span> Between-groups.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Setting:</span> Impact biomechanics laboratory.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Participants</span> Helmets approved by the World Taekwondo Federation and those by the International Boxing Association.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Risk Factor assessement</span> A standardized (ASTM F-2397) martial arts headgear striker was used to impart impacts to a 50<sup style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit;">th</sup> Percentile Male Hybrid III Dummy (Hybrid III) head and neck complex. All impacts were imparted with a terminal striking velocity of 5.0 m/s (max-min=5.15–4.75 m/s). Each headgear model (boxing: Adidas and Green Hills; taekwondo: Adidas and Nike) were fitted to the Hybrid III and impacted a total of 60 times to the left side of the headgear.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Main outcome measurements</span> Resultant linear acceleration (RLA).</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Results</span> There was a significant difference in RLA between helmets (eta<sup style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit;">2</sup>=0.963, 95% CI: 0.881–0.987). Pairwise comparisons showed differences between the taekwondo Nike (129.48±8.18g) and boxing Green Hills helmets (109.48±10.11g) (d=2.19, 95% CI: –4.98–11.05). The boxing Adidas helmet (75.42±9.99g) recorded a higher RLA than its taekwondo counterpart (d=2.09, 95% CI: −6.67–5.82).</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Conclusions</span> Both boxing and taekwondo helmets have a limited lifespan.</div>
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</ol>
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<br />ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-43839519166801780332014-08-29T07:10:00.000-07:002014-08-29T07:10:04.218-07:00IMPACT ATTENUATION OF PROTECTIVE BOXING AND TAEKWONDO HEADGEAR<br />
<h1 id="article-title-1" itemprop="headline" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 2.1em; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/648.1.abstract">IMPACT ATTENUATION OF PROTECTIVE BOXING AND TAEKWONDO HEADGEAR</a></h1>
<ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 13px; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li class="contributor" id="contrib-1" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=D+O%27Sullivan&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">D O'Sullivan</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/648.1.abstract#aff-1" id="xref-aff-1-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">1</a>, </li>
<li class="contributor" id="contrib-2" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=G+Fife&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">G Fife</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/648.1.abstract#aff-2" id="xref-aff-2-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">2</a>, </li>
<li class="last" id="contrib-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=W+Pieter&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">W Pieter</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/648.1.abstract#aff-3" id="xref-aff-3-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">3</a></li>
<li class="last" id="contrib-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"></li>
<li><h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; line-height: normal; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Abstract</h2>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Background</span> To date, only one study reported the impact attenuation of protective taekwondo headgear. Although Olympic boxing has discontinued the use of headgear, similarities in designs are thought to provide a framework for improvements of taekwondo headgear.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Objective</span> To determine differences in impact attenuation of taekwondo and boxing headgear.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Design</span> Between groups.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Setting</span> Impact biomechanics laboratory.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Participants</span> World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) and Amateur International Boxing Association (AIBA) approved protective headgear.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Risk factor assessment</span> A standardized (ASTM F-2397) martial arts headgear striker was used to impart impacts to a 50th Percentile Male Hybrid III Dummy head and neck complex. All impacts were imparted with a terminal striking velocity of 5.0 m/s (min - max=4.75 −5.15m/s). 2 AIBA-approved headgear (Adidas and Green Hills) and 2 WTF-approved headgear were selected for testing. Each headgear model was fitted to the Hybrid III and impacted a total of 5 times to the left side (temporal) of the headgear along an ASTM-specified impact region. As per ASTM standards low velocity impacts must yield head RLAs below 50g.</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Main outcome measurements</span> Resultant linear acceleration (RLA).</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Results</span> 1-way ANOVA showed significant differences between the headgear brands (eta<sup style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit;">2</sup>=0.928). The most protection was provided by the taekwondo Adidas headgear (60.5±4.3g) followed by the boxing Adidas (75.4±9.9g), boxing Greenhill (109.4±10.11g), and taekwondo Nike headgear (129.5±8.2g). The greatest difference in RLA was observed between the two taekwondo models (d=−9.54, 95% CI=−13.91 – −5.18), whereas the smallest clinically meaningful difference was observed between the two Adidas models (d=−1.94, 95% CI=−3.20 – −0.29).</div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Conclusions</span> Each of the headgear brands performed differently under the testing conditions. All models need to be redesigned to mitigate low velocity impacts. Future testing must include impacts at high impact velocities.</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-21479764356494789962014-08-29T07:07:00.001-07:002014-08-29T07:07:14.131-07:00THE EFFECT OF PROTECTIVE TAEKWONDO FOOTPADS ON ATTENUATING IMPACTS OF AN INSTRUMENTED HEAD-FORM<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 29px;"><a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/592.2.abstract">THE EFFECT OF PROTECTIVE TAEKWONDO FOOTPADS ON ATTENUATING IMPACTS OF AN INSTRUMENTED HEAD-FORM</a></span></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Abstract</h2>
<div>
<ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 13px; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li class="contributor" id="contrib-1" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=G+Fife&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">G Fife</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/592.2.abstract#aff-1" id="xref-aff-1-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">1</a>, </li>
<li class="contributor" id="contrib-2" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=D+O%27Sullivan&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">D O'Sullivan</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/592.2.abstract#aff-2" id="xref-aff-2-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">2</a>, </li>
<li class="contributor" id="contrib-3" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" itemprop="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=W+Pieter&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">W Pieter</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/592.2.abstract#aff-3" id="xref-aff-3-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">3</a>, </li>
<li class="last" id="contrib-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; display: inline; font-family: arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="name" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="name-search" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/search?author1=S+Lee&sortspec=date&submit=Submit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 0px; white-space: nowrap;">S Lee</a></span><a class="xref-aff" href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/592.2.abstract#aff-1" id="xref-aff-1-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">1</a></li>
</ol>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Background</span> A recent regulation in boxing, of removing headgear, proposes the question as to whether a similar rule should be adopted in taekwondo.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Objective</span> To assess the effect of protective taekwondo footpads on attenuating impacts of an instrumented head-form. It is hypothesised that footpads with greater thickness would mitigate impacts better than thinner ones.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Design</span> Between groups.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Setting</span> Impact biomechanics laboratory.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Participants</span> World Taekwondo Federation approved protective footpads.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Risk factor assessment</span> A standardized (ASTM F-2397) martial arts headgear striker was used to impart impacts to a 50th Percentile Male Hybrid III head and neck complex. All impacts were imparted with a terminal striking velocity of 5.0 m/s (min-max: 4.75–5.15 m/s). Six different striking conditions were employed (no footpad (control), KDS, Adidas, Mooto, Mooto MTX, old style footpad [i.e., thick]). Each footpad condition was tested for a total of 3 impacts. The level of significance was set to an effect size of 0.2.</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Main outcome measurements</span> Resultant linear acceleration (RLA).</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Results</span> Significant differences were found between all footpads (eta<sup style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit;">2</sup>=0.86). The most effective impact attenuation was provided by the old style footpad (102g), followed by the Adidas (124g), KDS (140g), Mooto (140g), MTX (149g), and non-footpad condition (211g). The greatest difference in RLA was observed between the thick footpad and the non-padded condition (102 g v 211 g, d=2.08, 95% CI=-0.19–3.51).</div>
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<div class="subsection" id="sec-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Conclusions</span> The footpads when compared with the control condition did decrease the RLA but not to an ASTM standard of 50g. These results do not support the removal of protective taekwondo headgear. Future studies may investigate the use of better designed footpads if a similar regulation were to be adopted.</div>
</div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-22780499005664635232013-02-15T06:32:00.001-08:002013-02-15T06:32:24.235-08:004th International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies Announcement<br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/125633161/The-4th%C2%A0International-Symposium-Pueblo-Mexico-July-16-17-2013"><b>The 4</b><span style="font: 13.0px 'Times New Roman';"><b>th </b></span><b>International Symposium </b><b>for Taekwondo Studies (</b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><b>July 16-17, 2013</b></span></a></div>
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<b><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/125633161/The-4th%C2%A0International-Symposium-Pueblo-Mexico-July-16-17-2013">Puebla, Mexico)</a></b></div>
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<b><b>Strengthening Youth Education Through Taekwondo</b></b></div>
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<b><b><b>Organizing Partners</b></b></b></div>
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<a href="http://www.ista.or.kr/">The 4<span style="font: 7.9px 'Times New Roman';">th </span>International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies</a> will be organized by the World</div>
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Taekwondo Federation (WTF), and International Association of Taekwondo Research</div>
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(IATR).</div>
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<b>Research Field</b></div>
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Papers will include studies of Sports Science related to Taekwondo (TKD) such as Sports</div>
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Physiology, Biomechanics, Sports Medicine, Philosophy/Pedagogy of TKD, Sports</div>
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Sociology/Sports Psychology, and Sports Marketing.</div>
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<b>Important Dates</b></div>
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<b>Abstract Submission: April 15, 2013</b></div>
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<b>Early Registration: March 30, 2013</b></div>
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<b>Symposium Dates: July 16-17, 2013</b></div>
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<b>Registration / Submission</b></div>
</b></b><b><b>
<div style="color: #232323; font: 12.0px 'Times New Roman'; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
Abstract submissions should be emailed to Dr. Jongkook Song by the 15<span style="font: 7.9px 'Times New Roman';">th </span>of April, 2013</div>
<div style="color: #232323; font: 12.0px 'Times New Roman'; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
at: </div>
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<b>jksong@khu.ac.kr</b></div>
</b></b><b></b><br />
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-20364832165207870452013-02-15T05:54:00.001-08:002013-02-15T05:54:14.996-08:00Choi et al: Development of taekwondo knowledge test using multimedia with multi-language<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/125629082/Choi-CH-Park-JH-Lee-JB-Kim-HJ-Development-of-taekwondo-knowledge-test-using-multimedia-with-multi-language-%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-S"><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;">Choi CH, Park JH, Lee JB, Kim HJ</span>. Development of taekwondo knowledge test using multimedia with multi-language. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;67-69.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-21085189868000627842013-02-04T01:04:00.000-08:002013-02-04T01:04:48.425-08:00Hanin NA, Pieter W. Mood and performance in young Malaysian taekwondo participants. <br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/123714670/Hanin-NA-Pieter-W-Mood-and-performance-in-young-Malaysian-taekwondo-participants-%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-Symposium-for-Taekwondo-Studi"><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;">Hanin NA, Pieter W</span>. Mood and performance in young Malaysian taekwondo participants. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;66.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-16364389652833626762013-02-04T01:03:00.001-08:002013-02-04T03:11:40.518-08:00Han MW. Effects of skill levels and practice-competition conditions on the anxiety and mood states in high school adolescent taekwondo athletes<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/123714127/Han-MWL-Effects-of-skill-levels-and-practice-competition-conditions-on-the-anxiety-and-mood-states-in-high-school-adolescent-taekwondo-athletes-%C2%A0Proc"><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;">Han MW</span>. Effects of skill levels and practice-competition conditions on the anxiety and mood states in high school adolescent taekwondo athletes. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;60-65.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-3757244232405948682013-02-03T00:55:00.000-08:002013-02-03T00:55:05.357-08:00SanJuan R, Mateo C, Pieter W: The effect of training on mood in Filipino national elite and varsity taekwondo-in: a pilot study.<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/123579382/SanJuan-R-Mateo-C-Pieter-W-The-effect-of-training-on-mood-in-Filipino-national-elite-and-varsity-taekwondo-in-a-pilot-study-%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3r"><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;">SanJuan R, Mateo C, Pieter W</span>. The effect of training on mood in Filipino national elite and varsity taekwondo-in: a pilot study. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;51.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-61636423458302876372013-02-03T00:53:00.000-08:002013-02-03T00:53:40.192-08:00Song NJ, Shin JL. Investigation into the directivity of taekwondo poomsae competition through the comparative analysis of kata, taolu and poomsae.<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/123579596/Song-NJ-Shin-JL-Investigation-into-the-directivity-of-taekwondo-poomsae-competition-through-the-comparative-analysis-of-kata-taolu-and-poomsae-%C2%A0Pro"><span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;">Song NJ, Shin JL</span>. Investigation into the directivity of taekwondo poomsae competition through the comparative analysis of kata, taolu and poomsae. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;52-59.</a><span id="goog_1609976810"></span><span id="goog_1609976811"></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/"></a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-82550523333515930652013-02-02T23:06:00.003-08:002013-02-02T23:06:44.809-08:00Shin et al: Taekwondo as the direction of 21st century education<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/123573269/Shin-JL-Choi-C-Jeong-HK-Taekwondo-as-the-direction-of-21st-century-education-%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-Symposium-for-Taekwondo-Studies">Shin JL, Choi C, Jeong HK. Taekwondo as the direction of 21st century education. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;45-50.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-68244217880137553672013-01-24T18:46:00.002-08:002013-01-24T19:07:29.742-08:00O'Sullivan et al: Safety performance evaluation of taekwondo headgear<a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2013/01/23/bjsports-2012-091416.short?g=w_bjsm_ahead_tab" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>O'Sullivan DM, Fife GP, Pieter W, Shin IS. Safety performance evaluation of taekwondo headgear <span id="article-slug-jnl-abbr" style="border: 0px; font-style: italic; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><abbr class="slug-jnl-abbrev" style="border: 0px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="British Journal of Sports Medicine"><nlm:abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xmlns:nlm="http://schema.highwire.org/NLM/Journal">Br J Sports Med</nlm:abbrev-journal-title></abbr> </span><span style="line-height: 16px;"></span><span class="slug-doi" style="border: 0px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="10.1136/bjsports-2012-091416">doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091416</span></b></a><br />
<h2 style="border: none; margin: 15px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Abstract</span></h2>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-1" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-1" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></strong></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Background</strong> With over 20 years of taekwondo concussion research highlighting the high incidence of injury, previous studies recommend an investigation of headgear impact attenuation performance.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-2" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-2" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Objective</strong> To examine impact attenuation differences between the anterior, posterior and sides of selected taekwondo headgear brands.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-3" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-3" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Design</strong> Between-groups.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-4" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-4" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Setting</strong> Biomechanics laboratory.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-5" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-5" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Methods</strong> Five different commercially available taekwondo headgear were selected for impact testing. A 50th percentile Hybrid II Dummy Crash Test head and neck was fitted with the selected helmet and was bolted to a 25 kg steel torso-like structure. Each headgear model was impacted eight times to the anterior, posterior and sides by a 6.75 kg bowling ball at three heights to produce 52.25, 85 and 144 J strikes.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-6" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-6" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Main outcome measurements</strong> Resultant head linear acceleration.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-7" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-7" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Results</strong> Two-way (Helmet×Location) mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures on the second factor was performed to determine the differences between headgear by location of impact. There was a two-way (Helmet×Location) interaction for acceleration (η<sup style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit;">2</sup>=0.368).</span></div>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="sec-8" style="border: 0px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="p-8" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 2px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Conclusions</strong> Taekwondo headgear manufacturers and sport governing bodies must consider improving the design of especially anterior helmet properties.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: inherit;">*** FULL PDF VERSION AVAILABLE THROUGH ABOVE LINK OR </span><a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2013/01/23/bjsports-2012-091416.short?g=w_bjsm_ahead_tab" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: inherit;">HERE</a></div>
</div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-24869048366151784442013-01-21T03:29:00.000-08:002013-01-21T03:29:27.975-08:00Rene Leveaux: A Further Examination of Taekwondo Instruction Using Traditional and Sports Education Formats<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/121449707/Leveaux-R-A-Further-Examination-of-Taekwondo-Instruction-Using-Traditional-and-Sports-Education-Formats-%C2%A0%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-Sympos">Leveaux R. A Further Examination of Taekwondo Instruction Using Traditional and Sports Education Formats. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;39-44.</a><span id="goog_1156454556"></span><span id="goog_1156454557"></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/"></a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-43711953674846677542013-01-18T07:05:00.000-08:002013-01-18T07:06:56.912-08:00Song Hyeong Seok: The Meaning and Classification of the Term 'Taekwondo Spirit'<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/120975349/Song-HS-The-Meaning-and-Classification-of-the-Term-Taekwondo-Spirit-%C2%A0%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-Symposium-for-Taekwondo-Studies-Kyunghe">Song HS. The Meaning and Classification of the Term 'Taekwondo Spirit'. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;27-38.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-22085659861018844572013-01-18T06:42:00.001-08:002013-01-18T06:42:02.815-08:00Peter Ha: Taekwondo Poomsae and the Wonhyo's Philosophy of "Ilhyo" (Ever Present One)<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/120971632/Ha-P-Taekwondo-Poomsae-and-the-Wonhyo-s-Philosophy-of-Ilhyo-Ever-Present-One-%C2%A0%C2%A0Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-Symposium-for-Taekwondo-Studi">Ha P. Taekwondo Poomsae and the Wonhyo's Philosophy of "Ilhyo" (Ever Present One). Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;27-32.</a></div>
ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-88094198371966512462013-01-18T04:57:00.001-08:002013-01-18T04:58:11.445-08:00Udo Moenig: The Evolution of Kicking Techniques in Taekwondo<br />
<div style="font: 12.0px Arial; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/120960019/Moenig-U-The-Evolution-of-Kicking-Techniques-in-Taekwondo-15-Proceedings-of-The-3rd-International-Symposium-for-Taekwondo-Studies-Kyunghee-Univers">Moenig U. The Evolution of Kicking Techniques in Taekwondo. 15. Proceedings of The 3rd International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies. Kyunghee University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, April 29-30. 2011;13-26.</a></span></div>
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/"></a><span id="goog_1683994745"></span><span id="goog_1683994746"></span><br />
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<!--EndFragment-->ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-13088538943954808442012-07-30T05:59:00.002-07:002012-07-30T06:13:44.995-07:00Turning kick and boxing hook punch head impacts<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi46hNwMukcK1BgVqZ9luo43gXhzLamzxwHtDXshiYKVJbvDJ4p5DodPwcEbZ5YOD4iqr9pPZmfnW4DB-M6i5FJjGO8sPtMEkLsbAPx8CsK0TBhPUzvVEMrFqREUGDz8_4KsI34hAAiBmo/s1600/ICSEMIS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi46hNwMukcK1BgVqZ9luo43gXhzLamzxwHtDXshiYKVJbvDJ4p5DodPwcEbZ5YOD4iqr9pPZmfnW4DB-M6i5FJjGO8sPtMEkLsbAPx8CsK0TBhPUzvVEMrFqREUGDz8_4KsI34hAAiBmo/s320/ICSEMIS.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As promised, here is another poster presentation from the ICSEMIS meeting last week in Glasgow.</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/101523223/Fife-et-al-TKDvBoxing-ICSEMIS-2012" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fife GP, Pieter W, O’SullivanDM. A Comparison of Head Impacts from the Taekwondo Turning Kick and BoxingHook Punch. Poster presentation at the 2012 International Convention on Science, Education & Medicine in Sport, Glasgow, United Kingdom, July 19-24, 2012. </a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This poster presents biomechanical measures of head injury severity from the turning kick (dollyeochagi / 돌려 차지) and the hook punch from boxing.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This poster was recognized through the young investigator award for best poster presentation. An award shared with five other early career researchers.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A LINK TO THE ABSTRACTS PRESENTED AT THIS CONVENTION ARE AVAILABLE </span><a href="http://upload.congrex.com/files/Poster%20Abstracts.pdf" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">HERE</a><br />
<br />ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-56360621899730350422012-07-29T07:18:00.002-07:002012-07-29T07:37:02.341-07:00ICSEMIS Presentations: Popularity and Universality of Olympic Sports<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ51uNiZLvNZTX_2VTBhe0lVnbZNYGyXz-BzZF1JF96Q2lrQ9ROyfc1PcVCKyx-Y4StwDu9dRoxJKKe-XjQde5f_TeWr_K7Mg6vH37ShZliPkmSgBrDkhn6ErM2HaTs2Sx8RCkVraNncs/s1600/ICSEMIS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ51uNiZLvNZTX_2VTBhe0lVnbZNYGyXz-BzZF1JF96Q2lrQ9ROyfc1PcVCKyx-Y4StwDu9dRoxJKKe-XjQde5f_TeWr_K7Mg6vH37ShZliPkmSgBrDkhn6ErM2HaTs2Sx8RCkVraNncs/s320/ICSEMIS.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">As we all have heard through the grapevine, a concentrated effort by the taekwondo community to boost popularity and appeal to the spectator over the years has rissen. Although a number of changes to Olympic style taekwondo have taken place, evidence based reports on popularity and appeal to spectators have not been reported enough. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Here are two poster presentations by Sullivan and Bellon looking at objective measures for <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/101435249/Sullivan-Bellon-PopularityOlympics-ICSEMIS-2012">popularity</a> and <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/101434913/Sullivan-Bellon-UniversalityOlympics-ICSEMIS-2012">universality</a> of all the Olympic sports. Both of these studies were presented at last week's <span style="background-color: white;"><a href="http://www.icsemis2012.com/">International Convention on Science, Education & Medicine in Sport</a> in Glasgow, Scotland.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/101434913/Sullivan-Bellon-UniversalityOlympics-ICSEMIS-2012">Sullivan W & Bellon CR. The change in relative universality of the official. 2012International Convention on Science, Education & Medicine in Sport. ScottishExibition & Conference Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom, July 19-24, 2012.</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/101435249/Sullivan-Bellon-PopularityOlympics-ICSEMIS-2012"><span style="background-color: white; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">Sullivan W & Bellon CR. The change in relative popularity of the official. </span><span style="background-color: white;">2012 International Convention on Science, Education & Medicine in Sport. Scottish Exibition & Conference Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom, July 19-24, 2012.</span></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1764775401">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">ALL POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS ARE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE <a href="http://upload.congrex.com/files/Poster%20Abstracts.pdf">ICSEMIS SITE</a>. WE WILL ONLY PROVIDE LINKS TO POSTERS WHICH HAVE BEEN PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS.</span></div>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-83312822644162675902012-06-06T07:44:00.001-07:002012-06-06T07:44:26.561-07:00Pieter Fife and O'Sullivan - Taekwondo Injury Review and Suggestions for Injury PreventionA recent <a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/46/7/485.abstract">literature review</a> on compeititon injuries in taekwondo, by <a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/46/7/485.abstract">Pieter et al</a> was published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. This review provides helpful informatio to understand the injury situation in taekwondo as well as suggestions for preventing injury and recommendations for starting an injury surveillance program in taekwondo. This is a timely publication for the up and coming London Olympics.<br />
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take a look here at the BJSM site: <a href="http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/46/7/485.abstract">http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/46/7/485.abstract</a>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-75285709176649500082012-01-16T20:00:00.000-08:002012-01-16T23:12:30.805-08:00New study by Fife and Harter on medical care at taekwondo tournamentsHere is a new study hot off the press by <a href="http://www.archbudo.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=882259">Fife and Harter</a> concerning the medical care at taekwondo tournaments! The article can be downloaded on the Archives of Budo website <a href="http://www.archbudo.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=882259">here</a>. Feel free to comment on the study or better yet, submit your own review of the study to spark discussion.ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-73263905116524385002011-10-08T07:07:00.000-07:002011-10-08T07:07:53.205-07:00Head Injuries in Taekwondo: Survey and Biomechanics ApproachIncluded are two studies by Fife from 2009 and 2010. Both were presented topics at martial art conferences (Copenhagen and Rzeszów) and cover the biomechanics of head injury from two different axe-kicks as well as another study looking at predictors for concussion in elite TKD athletes in Korea.<br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67996110/Fife-Harter-ISTS-2009">Fife & Harter_ISTS_2009</a><br />
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67996108/Fife-et-al-WSCCSMA-2010">Fife et al_WSCCSMA_2010</a>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-35662427711683190162011-10-05T17:54:00.000-07:002011-10-08T04:01:26.418-07:00Psychological factors of Injury and Dietary SupplementationThis new post of studies by Beis and Ampongan (separate studies) highlight the importance of considering a multifactorial approach to understanding injury characteristics in athletes.<br />
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Del Vecchio et al have also included a first time study of real-time kicking analysis of forces produced during competition.<br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67674049">Beis_et_al_IOC_WCSS_2003</a><br />
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67674047">Ampongan&Pieter_ICPE_2004</a><br />
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67685345/Del-Vecchio-et-al-BiolSport-2011">Del Vecchio et al_Biol Sport_2010</a><br />
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67674044">Beis_et_al_ISTS_2011</a>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-12091971984236857322011-10-04T17:52:00.000-07:002011-10-04T17:52:50.249-07:00Performance and Injury in Taekwondo by Pieter and ColleaguesIncluded in this post are four abstracts included in a number of different conferences by Pieter and his colleagues.<div><br />
</div><div><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67524546/Pieter-RCHP-2004">Pieter_RCHP_2004</a> : Anthropometrics and performance determinants</div><div><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67524549/Pieter-et-al-ISSP-2005">Pieter et al_ISSP_2005</a> : Mood and injury prediction</div><div><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67524548/Pieter-et-al-APSSC-2005">Pieter et al_APSSC_2005</a> : Injury mechanisms in Malaysian athletes</div><div><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67524551/Pieter-Bercades-ISTS-2009">Pieter&Bercades_ISTS_2009</a> : Strength and kicking in youth athletes</div>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-62916808046082654662011-10-03T05:14:00.000-07:002011-10-03T05:30:49.727-07:00Submit Abstracts or Full Papers to ITRC WebsiteIf members are interested in posting their own or other taekwondo related resesarch papers, please contact the ITRC <a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2050728896">e-mai</a><a href="mailto:itrcweb@gmail.com">l</a> at: itrcweb@gmail.com. All documents will be available at the ITRC Scibd.com <a href="http://www.scribd.com/itrcweb">webpage</a> for easy view<br />
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A standard file name format MUST be included for all submissions including a descriptive tag for the work provided. Please follow the following format:<br />
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<b>FILE NAME FORMAT: </b><br />
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Author Name_Publication Year_Journal Abreviation <br />
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File description: <b>Publication title</b> published/presented in <b>Journal Title</b> in the <b>Year</b><br />
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EXAMPLE:<br />
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Smith et al_2011_JTKD<br />
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Description: The effects of auditory feedback on poomse performance in taekwondo published in the Journal of Taekwondo in 2011<br />
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Also, if the abstract or journal article is provided via a file that originally does not include citation information from the publisher, please modify the file to include the correct citation at the bottom of the document as presented in the <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67021555/Pieter-Aiwa-ISTK-2007">Aiwa & Pieter abstract</a>:<br />
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Aiwa, N. and Pieter, W. (2007), Isokinetic strength characteristics of Malaysian recreational taekwondo athletes, The 1st International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies, Beijing, China, May 16-17.ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-86690062271716287242011-10-02T08:59:00.000-07:002011-10-02T09:07:11.951-07:00Conferences of InterestIf you haven't already been informed of some of the upcoming international conferences please take note of the following. First inline is the <span class="truncated_text" id=""><span class="truncated_long"><span class="notranslate"><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67173319/IMACSSS-Genova-2012-1st-Announcement">International Martial Arts and Combat Sports Scientific Society International Conference</a> in Genova, Italy to be held on June 8th - 10th, 2012. </span></span></span><br />
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<span class="truncated_text" id=""><span class="truncated_long"><span class="notranslate">Also keep in mind the <a href="http://www.icsemis2012.com/">International Convention on Science, Education and Medicine in Sport</a> to be held in Glasgow, Scotland from July 19-24th 2012 just before the 2012 London Olympic Games.</span></span></span><br />
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<span class="truncated_text" id=""><span class="truncated_long"><span class="notranslate">The deadline for abstract submission for the Genova meeting is January 31st, 2012. The Glasgow meeting set a deadline for November 1st, 2011. </span></span></span><br />
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<span class="truncated_text" id=""><span class="truncated_long"><span class="notranslate">Please see the links for further details.</span></span></span>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2684308571323937095.post-23311637160885407452011-10-01T18:20:00.000-07:002011-10-03T05:24:02.397-07:00Multidisciplinary Studies by Pieter et alHere are a number of studies by Willy Pieter and his associates including San Juan, and Fadzliana <br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67110908/San-Juan-et-al-ISTS-2011">San Juan et al_ISTS_2011</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67110904/Pieter-Falco-2010-WSCCSMA2">Pieter&Falco_2010_WSCCSMA2</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67110900/Pieter-Bercades-SCMACS-2011">Pieter&Bercades_SCMACS_2011</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67110897/Pieter-Kazemi-ISTS-2007">Pieter&Kazemi_ISTS_2007</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67110894/Fadzliana-et-al-ICSEMIS-2008">Fadzliana et al_ICSEMIS_2008</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/67021555/Pieter-Aiwa-ISTK-2007">Aiwa & Pieter_ISTK_2007 </a>ITRChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15275218446753765548noreply@blogger.com0